Thursday, August 27, 2020

Hamlet Assignment#2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hamlet #2 - Assignment Example For dissecting this subject, enough authorial readings will be fused to reach at a choice concerning a genuine connection among Hamlet and his mom. The exploration, which I plan to do likewise assess Hamlet’s relationship with different characters partially to see whether Hamlet is comparable in conveying to everybody or his character shows another side when he is with various individuals. Hamlet’s moves that he makes during the play and how he renders the retribution for his father’s murder will likewise be assessed. Hamlet’s outrage, his frenzy and his arranging against his stepfather Claudius, all take us to a specific examination identified with Hamlet and his mother’s relationship. Hamlet’s mother weds to his dead husband’s stepbrother not long after her husband’s passing and without bringing her child into certainty. Hamlet gets disregarded in all his mother’s doing. She remains the sovereign of the state yet Hamlet remains the ruler of the state. Notwithstanding, after his father’s demise, he ought to be the new ruler similar to the custom of that time and age. With his mother’s marriage, his privilege of being the lord was grabbed away from him and his father’s killer was the new ruler. Hamlet takes quite a while in taking a choice concerning his retribution against his stepfather. This postpone takes the play towards a terrible end where, the sovereign Gertrude, Ophelia (Hamlet’s cherished), Ophelia’s father, Hamlet himself and the lord, all bite the dust and the realm is given another ruler. Hamlet can't recognize whether his mom is a piece of the entire game or not. He is additionally unfit to completely acknowledge the data given by the phantom however with the progression of time, he perceives that the apparition of his dad was correct and he has a duty to vindicate his father’s murder. His relationship is of a limited sort with his mom

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Why should i hire you Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

For what reason should I enlist you - Essay Example tensible reality that we live in an educated society where rivalry in the corporate world is firm and dynamic, my blend of IT and business abilities will be of incredible incentive to your association. I filled in as a major aspect of a group on venture for Salt lake swimming and social club, the framework we gave smoothed out the club’s class enrollment and the executives procedure prompting more prominent proficiency and more prominent consumer loyalty. Additionally, I know about business applications and ready to learn on the framework your organization right now utilizing as a method of fitting into the present workforce and utilize my business aptitudes to improve proficiency in the organization. Also, I have a high capacity to connect with individuals and have viable relational abilities which are key for a business’ achievement in the contemporary world. I generally remain associated with individuals, both truly and via web-based networking media stages, for example, Facebook and Twitter in addition to I get high rate on group works a large portion of the occasions. With this conduct I will have the option to urge others including myself to convey remarkable quality that will inevitably improve the efficiency and market execution of the organization. What’s more, I am prepared and ready to share information and learn new aptitudes. For the development of the organization I’m ready to share information and learn new things to make a hard assignment or a simple undertaking conceivable to illuminate with a high caliber and inside a brief timeframe. I will improve information sharing inside the association and help moderately feeble workers to enhance their exhibition. I love this field and in the event that you recruit me, I ensure that I will furnish the greatest yield with my abilities. As an individual from your organization, my capacity to convey viably, share information and my blend of IT and business abilities can conceivably drive the association to more prominent

Friday, August 21, 2020

Find Out Why You Should Use The Minority Scholarship Essay Samples

Find Out Why You Should Use The Minority Scholarship Essay SamplesStudents looking for scholarships for minority students should look into the Texas Medical Association minority scholarship essay samples. These short essays are great resources because they show you how to write a successful essay. There are thousands of these types of programs in the United States, but if you want to be sure that you will get the scholarship that you need, you will want to use the Texas Medical Association minority scholarship essay samples.The point of the essay samples is to show you how to write an essay that will stand out from the others. This is important because you do not want to end up writing about yourself or your situation, instead you want to write about something that is very personal to you. The goal is to show potential scholarship winners that they have a strong chance of winning the scholarship if they focus on something that is relevant to them.The Texas Medical Association minorit y scholarship essay samples will also show you a few pointers on what kind of essay to include. Since this is such a competitive program, many students forget that there are certain areas where they need to address issues with race. It is not enough to simply write about their experiences and what happened; they need to understand how they are perceived by others.In addition, the essay samples will show you a few ways to make your paper more interesting to read. A common problem with students is that they do not write in a way that would interest readers. This is not only tiresome for readers, but it can make students think that the other students are not interested in what they are trying to say.By using the Texas Medical Association minority scholarship essay samples, you will be able to avoid this. Instead, you will write in a way that is unique to you and that is very interesting to read. You will find that this helps you a lot in making sure that your essay is able to be accept ed as well.Another reason why the minority scholarship essay samples are so helpful is because they show you how to make sure that you write in a manner that is professional. While you may not think that you are professional at all times, you really are not. There are instances when you may need to refer back to notes or you may have not written down what you meant to say at all.These minority scholarship essay samples will show you how to put a lot of thought into what you say. They will show you how to make sure that you do not miss any points because you may not have caught them on your first pass. This will ensure that you get the scholarship you need to help you continue your education.If you have not considered using the minority scholarship essay samples as a resource, you should consider doing so. These are one of the best resources that students can use because they can help you stand out among the other applicants. After all, the main reason you want to win a scholarship i s so that you can finish your education.

Monday, May 25, 2020

The Social Sciences Of Modern Societies - 1387 Words

Within the social sciences in contemporary times it is argued that corporatism has shrugged off its previous association with authoritarian and fascists regimes, and is now deployed as a means for analysing the role of organized interest in present day liberal democracies. Outhwaite argues that corporatism has also passed into common political usage as shorthand for the involvement of trade unions, together with organisations which represent the interests of capital in bargaining with governments over economic policies. Debated publicly, corporatism is now seen as the antithesis of neo-liberalism, in which governments seek to use competition rather than negotiation as the dynamic of policy making. Contrastingly, contemporary academic writers deem corporatism as the antithesis of pluralism, Philippe Schmitter (1974), who is argued to have been the leading exponent of corporatist theory in the 1970s portrayed corporatism as a critique of what he saw as the dominant pluralism orthodox y in Political Sociology. The extraordinary range and diversity of interest organisations in modern societies were, according to the pluralist, evidence for the openness of democratic governments to a wide range of influence, and offered a benign view of interest group politics as a supplement to electoral mechanisms for ensuring democratic accountability. On the contrary, corporatist theorist stressed the number of organisations which are politically influential, and the tendency for suchShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding And Appreciation Of Wolf s Ontological Premises930 Words   |  4 Pagesto be cognizant of the relationship between their personal experiences and the wider society. In other words, the sociological imagination is the proper recognition of the dialectical interplay between micro and macro history. When sociologists take into account a single case, they should be aware of its broader context, i.e. the totality in which it exists. That totality not only encompasses ge ography and social settings, but also the macro history. Wolf, in a similar fashion, asserts the importanceRead More1.According To Seidman There Is Three Types Of Styles Of1116 Words   |  5 Pagestypes of styles of theorizing scientific social theory, philosophical approaches, and moral vision of social theory. The reason scientific social theory is important is because of the word scientific. Which is based on methods and principles of science. When you are trying to make, a theory using the scientific social theory you relay on science as the only way to achieve the collected body of knowledge. When using this method, you cannot use common sense, science is the only way to find out what is realRead MoreSociology : How Human Action And Consciousness Shape The Surrounding Of Cultural And Social Culture1734 Words   |  7 Pagessight of. Sociology can be defined by Dictionary.com, as the science or study of the origin, development, organization, and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations, and institutions. Sociology is the study of human social relationships and its institutions. It is a diverse form of crime to religion, division of race and/or social class, to a social stability that will change a whole society. Sociology’s purpose is to understand how human action and consciousnessRead MoreScience Throughout the Ages912 Words   |  4 PagesThe term Science comes from the Latin word scientia, meaning knowledge. The definition of science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe. An older term of science refers to a body of knowledge itself, of anything that can be successfully applied to a situation. Someone who practices science is known as a scientist. Modern science has been traced back to the early modern period and in particular to theRead MoreWhy Did Weber Suggest That Sociologists Should Study Social Action?1278 Words   |  6 PagesThe general theme that surrounds the ‘Social Action’ approach is the rejection of the idea that society is seen to be a well oiled mechanism that influences individuals to behaviour in a pre-defined manner, though it cannot be denied that a ‘social structure’ does exist, but Weber and various other social action theorists, argue that its whole existence, that is society, stems directly from the interventions of the individuals that are at the root of this structure. In adopting this viewpoint, WeberRead MoreThe Secularization of the Western World Essay1680 Words   |  7 PagesSecularization is a controversial form of social change in modern day society. Secularization is a concept derived from a Latin word meaning â€Å"the present age,† the term is generally associated with modern, technologically, and advanced societies. â€Å"Secularism is a political tradition that has been evolving for eighteenth centuries. It shares important relationships with other traditions, sustaining complex ties with Judeo-Christianity, and maintaining a long-standing relationship with Islam† ( HurdRead MoreSocial Change and then Post Modernity1090 Words   |  4 PagesPost modernity was the successor of modernity in the time line of social change. It celebrates diversity and focuses thoroughly on the importance of the unconscious and puts emphasis on the free. It is an anything goes theory, full of new age beliefs and decisions. There is no consensus regarding when exactly postmodernity started, what it actually is, or whether it even exists. The term postmodern is irrational: modern means now, present, and up-to-date. Whereas postmodern means nothing but futureRead MoreFounding Fathers of Sociology1417 Words   |  6 PagesSociology is the study of social behaviour. Our behaviour is patterned in certain ways and sociologists study these patterns and differences in a scientific manner. The study of mo dern sociology, the objective and systematic study of human behaviour and society, only began from the late 1700s onwards (Giddens, 1989, 1993, 1997, 2001). The origins of this science can be linked to the two great revolutions that occurred in Europe in the eighteenth and nineteenth century Ââ€" The French Revolution of 1789Read MoreWhat Is Modernity, And Is It A Helpful Concept For Understanding The World Today?851 Words   |  4 Pagesencapsulates various meanings and information. In the simplest, it is defined as the quality or condition of being modern. Modernity is associated with various features, such as bureaucracy, capitalism, industrialisation, urbanisation and vice versa. It is often characterised by comparing modern societies to premodern or postmodern ones, and the understanding of those non-modern social statuses. According to Taylor (1995), there are two main perspectives that can be applied to understand the riseRead MoreAge Of Reason And The Scientific Revolution1089 Words   |  5 PagesEnlightenment. The Enlightenment was when scholars and philosophers started to reevaluate old aspects of society and how it functions. The Age of Reason was made up of science revolutionist and philosophers that tried to find ways to improve political, social, and religious life. Science revolutionist and philosophers were trying to find ways to improve political aspects in Society. The Science Revolutionist improved economics and lead to ideas against monarchs. This period led to more technology

Friday, May 15, 2020

The Problem of Racial Discrimination - 1578 Words

Assignment 2 Introduction Throughout the course of time, racial discrimination has been a part of the challenges facing all societies. This is because various groups in society began to spend increasing amounts of time working with individuals that shared similar ideas and characteristics as themselves. Over the course of time, this created various feelings about one group over that of the other. At the same time, feelings of jealousy and resentment fueled animosity between racial groups. Evidence of these kinds of distinctions is going back to some of the earliest accounts in the Bible with the Jews enslaved and escaping from slavery in Egypt. The reason why they were slaves is because the Jews were seen as inferior to the ancients Egyptians. In the 20th and early 21st centuries, many of the biologically based racial issues were brought to the forefront with the elimination of regimes that supported these kinds of practices (such as: Apartheid in South Africa). (Fredrickson, 2003, pp. 49 105) This is signif icant, in showing how a transformation is taking place in how society is looking at racism and the ideas of personal responsibility. To fully understand what is happening requires: examining the historical foundations of racism, how it is defined by society, the different social categories, how society has changed, recommending two ideas for improving an individuals social situation and the methods of sociological research that can be applied to these recommendations.Show MoreRelatedSocial Problems Associated With Racial Discrimination1209 Words   |  5 Pagesmorality, and culture (â€Å"Racism†). Racial discrimination is discriminating someone based on their race or religion (â€Å"Racism/Color Discrimination†) or prejudice against an individual or group of people of a different race because of the belief that one’s own race is superior (â€Å"Racism†). B: Problems associated with racism range from social problems to financial problems. Social problems include alcohol or drug use/abuse and emotional withdrawal. Some emotional problems include depression, feeling isolatedRead MoreRacial Discrimination Is Becoming A Larger Problem1771 Words   |  8 Pages Racial discrimination is when a person is treated less favorably than another person in a similar situation because of their race, color, national decent, ethnic origin or immigrant status (Know Your Rights: Racial Discrimination and Vilification). Racial discrimination has always been a problem, as shown in the article A Letter to My Nephew from the stimulus packet. However, as time goes by different forms of discrimination have branched out and become popular. Racial discrimination is blatantlyRead MoreRacial Discrimination Has Been A Chronic Problem854 Words   |  4 PagesOne of man kind’s most baffling imperfections is discrimination. For some reason most men cannot ac cept that it is okay to be different from each other and also, that being different does not make one person less than. Throughout history racial discrimination has been a chronic problem. African’s were sought after as the premium slave. Racial slavery was a global trade that lasted for hundreds of years. When America was formed slavery transferred over to the new country. In America there were supportersRead MoreDiscrimination Against African American Race1133 Words   |  5 Pages Discrimination against the African American Race Brian Barracks Social Psychology Dr. G. Austin Abstract Discrimination against African-Americans has been going on for many decades. Many African-Americans are still suffering from the effects of this. Many people who discriminate do not bother to analyze the damage that this is causing. Many African-Americans are suffering from stress problems, mental health issue, and some suffer from chronic stress. This issue has escalated for manyRead MoreA Raisin In The Sun Is Play Written About A Family In The1592 Words   |  7 Pages and they have to deal with discriminatory housing practices and the threat of racial violence. A Raisin in the Sun is relevant today because a lot of the insights it makes about racism are still debated over today. One of the issues it tackles is racial violence. In the play, the family deals with the threat of racial violence from people who don’t want them to move into their new house. Today, many feel that racial violence is being done by the police. The story also deals with the family’s strugglesR ead MoreKey Social Problems Affecting Africans Americans Essay1375 Words   |  6 Pages Though social problems affect a wide variety of people from all races, classes, and cultures; minorities, specifically African Americans, encounter social problems on a multi-dimensional basis. Poverty, employment rates, discrimination, and other social problems strike African Americans in such a way that it is nearly impossible to separate them; each individual has different background, socially and physically, that would determine in which order his or her social problems need to be solved. ImpoverishedRead MoreRacial Discrimination1052 Words   |  5 Pagesincluding in the workplace. Racial discrimination arises when someone is treated differently based on their actual or perceived race. Many people believe that if one were to be in the vicinity of a respected workplace that they would be respected by all co-workers and employers; this is in no way true. A big amount of minority employees a re affected by racial discrimination in the workplace whether it’s from their employers or their fellow co-workers. Racial discrimination is something that is alwaysRead MoreRacial Discrimination Of The United States1233 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Racial discrimination is defined as â€Å"when a person is treated less favorably than another person in a similar situation because of their race, color, descent, national or ethnic origin or immigrant status† (Thomas). Racial discrimination in the workplace is a real problem in our world today. Not only is it against the Constitution, but it is morally and ethically wrong. Throughout history, many people have fought for equality among races, and the fact that racism is still an issue inRead MoreRace Relations : A Resolved Issue?1644 Words   |  7 Pagesdealing with this issue; we have to be contributing to part of the solution rather than the being the problem itself. Injustice could be the turning point in which we transform and open up to the media and investigate our racial assumptions. In todays’ day and age, fear is fostered in the danger of pretending to seek justice when action isn’t taken. Race relations can be resolved if we approach the problem correctly and effectively on appropriate terms. The classification of races is no simple task. OverRead MoreRacial Discrimination Against Minorities And Immigrants1090 Words   |  5 Pagesnothing but determination. Racial discrimination against minorities and immigrants is an underlying problem here in America today. Racism is seen in our daily lives when people are discriminated against because of their race and ethnicity. Racism attacks the right to a person’s well-being on the basis of something they have no control over. They cannot change nor should want to change who they are. Racial discrimination is not as bad as it was fifty years ago, but it still a problem here in our country

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Reducing the Risk of Whistleblowers - 732 Words

Reducing the Risk of Whistleblowers There are varied motivations that drive whistleblowers to take action. As Schrieber (2006, 42) explains, whistleblowers manifest in myriad ways, from disgruntled employees or customers to high-level executives trying to do what they see as the right thing. Thus, their motivations are just as likely to be altruistic as they are self-serving. Regardless, whistleblowing reflects poorly on the company and can severely damage the companys well-being, as the cases of Enron and Freddie Mac testify. There are, however, a number of measures that corporations can take to protect themselves. First, a company should anticipate that whistleblowing will occur; jaded employees invariably exist, and while a company should do their best to promote worker satisfaction, whistleblowing may still occur. Accordingly, the company should construct complaint procedures, internal investigation procedures, and a training program for managers and high-end officials, as this w ill allow them to quickly and efficiently deal with whistleblowing before it reaches a court of law. It is also necessary to keep track of employees behavior, in order to identify the possibility of whistleblowing occurring before the event takes place. In order to protect whistleblowers, it is necessary to disclose as little as possible and avoid retaliation, which is illegal. A recent whistleblowing case resulting in $46.5 million dollars in settlement paid to a group of whistleblowersShow MoreRelatedWhistleblowing And Its Impact On Organizations1211 Words   |  5 Pagesincrease awareness in organizations. Whistleblowers identify weaknesses, neglect, and abuses within the organization and then raise an alarm to inform the public that their very interests in the organization are at stake. For example, a teacher who informs educational officers of lavish lifestyles and misappropriation of resources by school heads, a cabinet secretary who informs the Congress of misuse of resource s in the cabinet. As they perform this, the whistleblowers know very well that their actionsRead MoreThe Ima Statement Of Ethical Professional Practice1053 Words   |  5 Pagesat WorldCom, but it is better to do the ethical thing and reveal the unethical activity to the public then to tarnish her professional reputation and risk being punished legally. With her reputation as an ethical professional intact, she will be able to find many other management positions at other companies within the industry. 4.) A whistleblower is someone that speaks up against his or her company to proclaim and uncover any illegal or unethical activity going on by members of the organizationRead MoreEmployee Industrial Relations and Strategic Hrm1301 Words   |  6 Pagesimportantly the company recognizes it. In order to make it official, it should be documented. This motivates the employee to continue to do great job and contribute to the success of the organization and their own future. Complaint systems and whistleblowers: Whistleblowers can be from present or former employees. They can be customers or high level executives. Their concerns can be about securities fraud, sexual harassment and other contentious areas and can be very demanding and challenging for companiesRead MoreMonitor Company s Internal Control Function1096 Words   |  5 Pagesnever been more important for audit committees or boards as a whole.† – Message from Cathy Engelbert, CEO, Deloitte LLP, Audit Committee Guide February 2015 â€Å"Listing requirements and SEC rules, as well as how companies address various enterprise risks, are placing heavy demands on audit committees.† - Mary Jo White, Securities and Exchange Commission Chair, Keynote Address at 2015 AICPA National Conference, 12/9/2015 (available at https:/www.sec.gov/news/speech/keynote-2015-aicpa-white.html) InRead MoreThe Common Types Of Health Care Fraud1231 Words   |  5 Pages whereas fraud can. 4) What are four possible solutions in identifying and reducing fraud and abuse? a. Training and education b. Implementation of computer-assisted coding c. Increased federal enforcement of fraud and abuse monitoring d. Use of data and modeling and data mining 5) Define both traditional and analytic fraud risk assessments and distinguish between the two. a. The traditional approach to fraud risk assessment involves taking a retrospective view of what has occurred over anRead MoreMaterial Disclosure Of Risk Assessment And Implications Of Environmental, Social, And Governance Essay805 Words   |  4 Pages1.0 INTRODUCTION It is through the guidelines report that material disclosure of risk assessment and implications of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors is increasingly important, therefore companies need to raise awareness, management, and responsibility in offering more substantiated reporting. Investors willingly seek information that is relevant to â€Å"identify and manage [...] ESG investment risks† (Financial Services Council [FSC] 2015). ESG has become synonymous with sustainabilityRead MoreThe Health Insurance Portability And Accountability Act Of 19961022 Words   |  5 Pagesthe security of electronic protected health information and the HIPAA Breach Notification Rule, which requires covered entities and business associates to provide notification following a breach of unsecured protected health information. Due to new risk involved in patient privacy â€Å"the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and the Health Information Technology for Eco nomic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH) include national standards for the privacy of protected health informationRead MoreOsha s Influence On Human Capital Management1364 Words   |  6 PagesLyndon Johnson brought congress together to discuss job safety and health programs for American workers. President Johnson stated, â€Å"It is unacceptable for a modern industrial nation like the United States to not have tougher regulations aimed at reducing the rate of workers injured or killed on the job† (AllGov). Unfortunately, President Johnson was unable to persuade congress to pass such legislation. This task was soon left in the hands of President Richard Nixon, who later passed the OccupationalRead MoreTo Tell or Not to Tell? the Ethical Dilemma of the Would-Be Whistleblower7190 Words   |  29 Pageshttp://www.tandfonline.com/loi/gacr20 To Tell or Not to Tell? The Ethical Dilemma of the Would-Be Whistleblower Janet Malek Ph.D. a a Department of Medical Humanities, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA Available online: 11 May 2010 To cite this article: Janet Malek Ph.D. (2010): To Tell or Not to Tell? The Ethical Dilemma of the Would-Be Whistleblower, Accountability in Research, 17:3, 115-129 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08989621003791929 Read MoreMotivation Is More Than Getting People For Work For A Paycheck805 Words   |  4 Pagesdifference in a successful company† (Hull, 2013, para. 3). For example, motivated employees tend to work faster and are often are more creative in completing task saving the company money. Motivated employees are less likely to leave a company, reducing turn over which, also, save money and time in training. Motivated employees will often make better products and be more innovative which could lead to increased profits. Finally, motivated employees are happy employees. (Leadership-central.com)

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Physics Absolute Zero Essay Example For Students

Physics Absolute Zero Essay A According to this website, what is the definition of absolute zero? NAS: Absolute Zero, is when the molecules of the object can no longer oscillate/shake, due to the temperature being too cold, that kinetic energy Is too weak to do anything. The time when the escalation is slowed to the point it can no longer be slowed down, that is when it has reached absolute zero, but even then, escalation can never really be put to a stop. B Why is the Kelvin scale especially helpful when studying absolute ere? NAS: Because it is the same as the others, but it shifts downwards. Water boils at 373 K and freezes as 273 K, and is absolute zero at exactly O. C What is the value of absolute zero on the Kelvin scale? The Celsius scale, and the Fahrenheit scale? NAS: On the Kelvin scale, it is O. Celsius scale is -CHIC. And finally Fahrenheit is -OFF. 2 Visit the following URL: Physician. Com Absolute Zero or Ask a Scientist: Absolute Zero A According to this website, what type of experiments led to the idea of absolute zero? NAS: It was when people were investing the behavior of gas pressure vs.. Temperature, did they find out how the lowest temperature it could get to on a graph was -273 degrees centigrade. B Describe scientists attempts to reach absolute zero. NAS: They would increase the temperature of a gas they are using, and would measure the pressure emitted from it. 3 Visit the following URL: New State of Matter Seen Near Absolute Zero . What is a Bose-Einstein condensate? NAS: It is the experiment the JILL did, and created a far more colder temperature than the other ones which were recorded. They created a new matter which Albert Einstein and Indian Physicist predicted years ago. 4 According to the information you have obtained, you know that absolute zero is about -273 degrees Celsius. You will now use your graph to predict this value based on the laboratory data presented in this activity. A Think back to the Galileo Gardens activity Graphing Tips. You will be using the same prediction techniques to find the value of absolute zero. Go back to your graph from step 5 above. Be sure that the graph window is active. From the menu bar at the top of the screen, select Analyze. Choose Automatic Curve Fit. Select the proper function based on the arrangement of the data points. B Now select Interpolate from the Analysis menu. You can view this in the graphic on the right. Move your cursor along the line of the graph until the y axis value is zero. The corresponding x value is the predicted value of absolute zero. What is the predicted value of absolute zero shown on your graph? NAS: I got -271. 35 degrees centigrade. Physics Absolute Zero By Peacetime